Gravimetric screw feeders

Gravimetric screw feeders DSL G

Loss-in-weight feeders for continuous and batch feeding of bulk solids: from dusts a few micrometres across to granules and pellets. Three sizes — DSL35 G, DSL75 G and DSL150 G — cover the range from 1 to 25,000 kg/h.

<±0.5% continuous feeding accuracy 1 – 25,000 kg/h throughput range ø18 – ø150 mm feeding screws and spirals FDA · EHEDG · ATEX compliance of the build

The DSL G family

Three sizes, one operating principle

Every DSL G feeder consists of a hopper, a chamber holding the feeding element, a horizontal agitator and a drive. The whole assembly rests on load cells: the controller measures the loss in weight, derives the actual mass flow and uses a PID loop to correct screw speed. A change in bulk density does not affect the result, because what is being controlled is mass, not volume.

Throughputs are given by volume. Mass flow = throughput × bulk density of the material, for example 200 l/h × 0.55 kg/l ≈ 110 kg/h. The minimum applies to the smallest full-flight screw at 10 rpm, the maximum to the largest spiral at 200–250 rpm.

DSL35 G screw feeder

Micro-ingredients at laboratory accuracy

DSL35 G gravimetric screw feeder
DSL35 G with a 65 l hopper (30–65 l available)

The smallest model in the family, intended for low rates and expensive raw materials. Screws of ø18–35 mm deliver an even stream at rates as low as a kilogram an hour, and the steep-walled 30–65 l hopper enforces uniform emptying. Its low height allows the feeder to sit directly above a recipe scale, a mixer or an extruder inlet.

Configuration

A chamber with one horizontal agitator, a 30, 40 or 65 l hopper with a lid and filling spigot, and an outlet with a discharge tube. A weighing frame on two C3 load cells. Optionally a weighing controller with an HMI panel in a stainless steel enclosure, an EHEDG hygienic version and an ATEX build.

DSL35 G specifications

  • Throughput1 – 450 l/h
  • Feeding elementscrew or spiral ø18 – ø35 mm
  • Hopper30 · 40 · 65 l
  • Typical materialsmicro-ingredients, colourants, flavourings, APIs

DSL75 G screw feeder

The standard for production lines

The model specified most often for recipe ingredients on continuous and batch lines. Feeding elements of ø35–74 mm handle both fine cohesive powders and granules, while 100–300 l hoppers let the refill frequency be matched to the line’s output. It is the typical unit in multi-ingredient stations, where several DSL75 G feeders work in parallel into a common scale or mixer.

Configuration

A chamber with one or two horizontal agitators, a 100, 200 or 300 l hopper and a weighing frame on three C3 load cells. Filling by hand, from a big bag or through a rotary valve, with automatic refill on a minimum level signal. Optionally an additional vertical agitator, an EHEDG hygienic version and an ATEX build.

DSL75 G specifications

  • Throughput7 – 5,000 l/h
  • Feeding elementscrew or spiral ø35 – ø74 mm
  • Hopper100 · 200 · 300 l
  • Typical materialsrecipe ingredients, premixes, fillers
DSL75 G gravimetric screw feeder
DSL75 G with a 300 l hopper (100–300 l available)

DSL150 G screw feeder

Industrial throughput

DSL150 G gravimetric screw feeder on a weighing frame
DSL150 G with a 600 l hopper (400–2,400 l available)

The largest model, for major raw materials and high mass flows. Feeding elements of ø74–150 mm, cylindrical hoppers from 400 to 2,400 l and a weighing frame prepared for filling from big bags, through a rotary valve or by pneumatic conveying.

Configuration

A cylindrical hopper of ø850 mm (400 or 600 l) or ø1200 mm (1,200, 1,800 or 2,400 l), a chamber with two horizontal agitators and a weighing frame on three C3 load cells sized for the mass of the full hopper. Automatic filling from a silo, a big bag or pneumatic conveying, with hopper venting. Optionally a material loosening system in the hopper and an ATEX build.

DSL150 G specifications

  • Throughput70 – 25,000 l/h
  • Feeding elementscrew or spiral ø74 – ø150 mm
  • Hopper400 · 600 l (ø850 mm)
    1,200 · 1,800 · 2,400 l (ø1200 mm)
  • Typical materialsmajor raw materials, high mass flows

Feeder selection

Not sure which model to choose? Fill in the selection questionnaire

The material data, the required throughput and the operating mode are enough for our engineers to select the feeder size, the feeding element and the build. We reply with a proposed configuration and a quotation.

Common to the whole family

The same weighing system, the same materials

The models differ in the size of the chamber, the hopper and the feeding element. The measuring system, the controls, the materials and the build variants are identical, so feeders of different sizes can be combined in one station on a shared controller.

  • Accuracy, continuous feeding<±0.5% of setpoint
  • Accuracy, batch feeding±0.1 – 0.5% for batches above 1 kg
  • Turndown ratio1:10 (ratio of maximum to minimum throughput for a single feeding element)
  • Measuring systemrigid weighing frame, 2 or 3 class C3 load cells, stainless steel, IP68/IP69K
  • Agitatorone or two horizontal agitators; they prevent bridging and keep the screw filled. Optionally an additional vertical agitator
  • DriveSEW geared motors, 3 × 400 V AC, controlled by a variable frequency drive
  • Controlsweighing controller with a PID loop, communication over 4–20 mA, Profibus, Profinet, Modbus and EtherNet/IP. More: weighing electronics
  • Materialssteel 1.4301 (AISI 304) or 1.4404 (AISI 316L); parts in contact with the product are FDA approved
  • Surface finishglass bead blasting or electropolishing
  • OptionsEHEDG hygienic version, ATEX build

DSL G installations · click to enlarge

Choosing the feeding element

Spiral or full-flight screw?

The choice between screw and spiral decides how even the stream is and how stable the control loop stays. We match the type of element to the properties of the material, not to the size of the feeder.

Feeding spiral (helix) with no guide shaft

Spiral (helix)

Use it for materials that are

  • poor flowing, such as flour, soda ash or granules
  • fine and sticky, building up on a centre shaft, such as cocoa or titanium dioxide
  • coarse particled, causing friction between the centre shaft and the feeding tube
  • subject to raised hygiene requirements, such as food production
Full-flight screw with a guide shaft

Full-flight screw

Use it for materials that are

  • free flowing and very loose, such as salt or sugar
  • prone to aeration and uncontrolled flushing, such as carbonates or gypsum
  • highly abrasive, such as silica sand
  • friable and easily damaged, such as flakes or instant coffee

Not sure which element to choose? We run feeding trials on the customer’s own material: the choice of screw or spiral is confirmed by measurement, not by catalogue data alone.

Arrange a material trial

Build variants

EHEDG hygienic version and ATEX build

Gravimetric screw feeder in the hygienic version to EHEDG

Hygienic version to EHEDG

The standard build already meets the requirements of the food industry: every material in contact with the product is either FDA approved or stainless steel.

For demanding applications we offer a build to EHEDG guidelines: chamber and frame designed for easy cleaning, feeding element and agitator removable without tools, 316L steel, interior and welds ground to Ra<0.8 µm, and aseptic motors without fins or a fan.

Lubricants are exclusively NSF H1 grade. Electrical enclosures are optionally to the Rittal HD (Hygienic Design) standard: stainless steel, sloping surfaces, resistant to high-pressure washdown.

Feeders in explosive atmospheres (ATEX)

For zones with a risk of dust explosion we supply feeders built in accordance with the ATEX directive: certified electrical components, drives and sensors in the appropriate category, and continuity of equipotential bonding to carry off electrostatic charge.

Gravimetric screw feeder in the ATEX build for explosive atmospheres

Gravimetric vs volumetric

Which feeding method should you choose?

A volumetric feeder delivers material at a constant screw speed and assumes a constant bulk density; with no feedback loop, every change in the material’s properties turns into a feeding error, typically ±1–5%. A gravimetric feeder measures the loss in weight and corrects speed in a closed loop, holding the error below ±0.5% whatever the raw material. The difference matters with multi-ingredient recipes, expensive raw materials and quality audits.

Parameter Gravimetric loss-in-weight Volumetric
Measuring principleContinuous measurement of loss in weightConstant volume per unit of time
Accuracy (continuous feeding)<±0.5% of setpoint±1–5% of setpoint after linearisation of the range
Accuracy (batch feeding)±0.1–0.5% (depending on load cell range and batch size)No direct control of batch mass
Compensation for density changes✓ Automatic, closed loop✗ None, requires calibration
Real-time control✓ PID controller✗ Open-loop control
Flow records✓ Actual mass flow is logged✗ Only rotational speed is monitored
GMP / HACCP compliance✓ Full validation and batch traceabilityLimited
Capital costHigher (weighing system plus controller)Lower, simpler construction
When to choose itMulti-ingredient recipes, expensive raw materials, quality auditsHomogeneous materials of constant bulk density

DSL G feeders can also run in volumetric mode. Simpler applications are covered by our volumetric screw feeders.

Operating modes

Continuous and batch feeding

Every DSL G works in both modes; switching happens in the controller. The choice depends on the nature of the production, the flexibility of the recipes and the output required.

Continuous feeding (continuous)

Material is delivered without interruption at a controlled mass flow. The controller compares the measured loss in weight with the setpoint and corrects screw speed continuously.

  • a steady, precisely controlled stream of material
  • feeding continuous mixers, extruders and reactors
  • automatic changeover to volumetric mode while the hopper refills
  • integration of several feeders in a master/slave system
  • a marked reduction in material losses

Batch feeding (batching)

A set mass of material is metered out. Once the batch is complete the feeder stops and waits for the next cycle; typical accuracy is ±0.1–0.5% for batches above 1 kg.

  • precise metering of a set mass with a final check
  • full traceability of every batch
  • handling of multi-ingredient recipes
  • simplified validation in pharmaceutical production (GMP)
  • a proven solution where the product changes often

Refilling the hopper without interrupting feeding

The weighed assembly is joined to the filling system and the discharge tube by flexible sleeves, so external forces do not affect the measurement. When the level in the hopper falls below the minimum, the controller starts the refill and the feeder changes over to volumetric mode at the last recorded speed. Once the hopper is full it returns to gravimetric control.

Batch feeding

Recipe-based feeding

We build screw feeders into multi-ingredient batching stations, in which each unit delivers a separate raw material. A master controller derives the batch size or the flow rate from the recipe, working in batch mode or continuous mode.

The weighing arrangement is decided by the number of ingredients, the cycle time and the accuracy required:

Multi-ingredient recipe batching station: a set of screw feeders arranged radially above a common hopper scale, built in stainless steel
A multi-ingredient recipe batching station: screw feeders arranged radially above a common hopper scale, with discharge spouts converging on a single point.

Gain-in-weight

Weighing into an external scale

The least expensive batch arrangement: ingredients arrive one after another in a common hopper scale. Where demands are high, intermediate scales or a travelling scale positioned under each feeder in turn are used. Homogenisation takes place in the mixer.

Loss-in-weight

Feeding directly from the scale

Each feeder has its own scale, so the ingredients are delivered in parallel. This shortens the cycle and pre-homogenises the blend during feeding itself. In continuous mode it allows a batch mixer to be replaced by a much smaller in-line mixer.

Feeding accuracy

What disturbs the weight measurement, and how we compensate

The accuracy of a loss-in-weight feeder depends on the material and on what surrounds the scale, not on the electronics alone. The most common sources of error and the way they are compensated in the DSL G:

Vibration and shock

Vibration from neighbouring machines and from the building structure is damped mechanically in the feeder frame, and the load cell signal is filtered digitally in the controller.

Pressure differences

Negative or positive pressure in the discharge tube, the operation of a mixer or nitrogen blanketing all distort the measurement. We apply pressure compensation at the inlet and outlet together with flexible decoupling sleeves.

Bridging in the hopper

Cohesive materials hang up above the screw. The answer is agitators, a suitable wall angle in the hopper and, for the most difficult powders, a hopper with a loosening system.

Varying bulk density

The density of the raw material changes with the batch, the moisture content and how full the hopper is. The gravimetric controller corrects the speed continuously, so the set mass flow stays constant.

Blockages in the feeding tube

Caking or fibrous products block the feeding element. We select screws of variable pitch, or a spiral with no centre shaft, which loosens the material by itself.

Short-term accuracy

At very low rates what counts is how even the stream is from second to second. Multi-start screws, higher speeds at a smaller cross-section and special discharge tube ends all improve it.

Proportional feeding

Multi-ingredient feeding systems

In continuous proportional feeding, several loss-in-weight feeders deliver ingredients simultaneously onto a common conveyor or straight into the process. Each measures the loss in weight of its own hopper, so the flow of every ingredient is known and controlled independently. One feeder works as the master, the rest as slaves, holding a fixed mass ratio to the main ingredient.

A change in the master feeder’s rate changes the rates of all the slaves proportionally, so the recipe ratios hold whatever the line output, and hoppers refill without interrupting feeding. InterProcess supplies complete stations: feeder selection, weighing controllers with industrial communication, and recipe automation.

Feeder A MASTER Feeder B SLAVE 1 Feeder C SLAVE 2 Feeder D SLAVE 3 Control · fieldbus 4–20 mA · Profibus Profinet · Modbus EtherNet/IP Ingredient A Ingredient B Ingredient C Ingredient D to the process Common take-away conveyor: a steady stream of the multi-ingredient blend Proportional continuous feeding, with pre-homogenisation already on the conveyor

Industries and applications

Applications in key industries

Gravimetric screw feeder in the food industry

Food

Spices, flour blends, milk powders, instant preparations and premixes. A build compliant with HACCP, FDA approved materials, optionally EHEDG.

Gravimetric screw feeder in the pharmaceutical industry

Pharmaceuticals

Active substances (APIs), excipients and premixes. GMP compliance, process validation and batch traceability, with a hygienic version for cleanrooms.

Gravimetric screw feeder in the chemical industry

Chemicals

Pigments, fillers, crop protection products and fertilisers. Corrosion-resistant builds and ATEX variants for zones with a risk of dust explosion.

Gravimetric feeding of plastics granules into an extruder

Plastics

Granules, regrind, fillers and colourants. Continuous feeding straight into the extruder while holding the recipe ratios.

Gravimetric feeding of dusting raw materials in the cosmetics industry

Cosmetics

Powders, talcs and heavily dusting raw materials. Small doses at high accuracy, sealed construction and easy cleaning between batches.

Recipe batching of premixes in the animal feed industry

Animal feed

Meals, premixes, vitamins and micro-ingredients. Recipe batching with the consumption of every component logged.

Gravimetric feeding of cement and aggregates in the construction materials industry

Construction materials

Cement, lime, gypsum, aggregates and admixtures. Construction suited to abrasive and heavy materials at high throughputs.

Gravimetric feeding of sorbents and biomass in power generation

Power and environmental protection

Sorbents, hydrated lime, activated carbon and biomass. Continuous feeding into flue gas cleaning plant.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

How does gravimetric feeding differ from volumetric feeding?+
In the volumetric method the material is delivered at a constant screw speed, assuming a constant bulk density and with no feedback loop. A gravimetric, loss-in-weight feeder instead measures the loss in weight in real time and corrects screw speed with a PID loop. That gives an accuracy of <±0.5% even when the material’s properties vary, whereas the volumetric method reaches only ±1–5%.
Which materials can I feed with a DSL G?+
Practically every dry bulk solid, from dusts a few µm across to granules and pellets: free flowing ones such as salt and sugar, poor flowing ones such as flour and soda ash, materials prone to aeration such as carbonates and gypsum, abrasive ones such as silica sand, and friable ones such as flakes and instant coffee. What it takes is the right choice of feeding element: a full-flight screw or a spiral.
What happens while the hopper refills in continuous mode?+
The feeder changes over to volumetric mode and delivers material at the speed recorded just before the refill. Once the hopper is topped up it returns to gravimetric control. Feeding is not interrupted.
Is the feeder suitable for food or pharmaceutical production?+
Yes. As standard, every part in contact with the product is FDA approved stainless steel. For demanding applications we offer an EHEDG version: welds ground to Ra<0.8 µm, 316L steel, aseptic motors and dismantling for cleaning without tools. The build meets GMP and HACCP requirements.
How do I select the right feeder for my process?+
We start with the material: particle size, bulk density, moisture content, angle of repose, tendency to cake or to aerate. Then the process requirements: continuous or batch mode, accuracy, batch size, ambient conditions. On that basis we select the size — DSL35, DSL75 or DSL150 G — and the feeding element: a full-flight screw with a centre shaft, or a spiral without one. The selection questionnaire helps with this; for difficult materials we run trials.
What is an agitator and what does it do?+
An agitator is a horizontal stirrer above the feeding element. It prevents bridging and hang-up in the hopper and keeps the screw completely and evenly filled, which matters above all with cohesive and fine materials. Depending on the configuration, a DSL G has one or two agitators.
Can DSL G feeders work in batch mode to a recipe?+
Yes. In batch mode the feeder delivers a set portion of the ingredient and either checks its mass itself, loss-in-weight, or weighs into an external or hopper scale, gain-in-weight. In a multi-ingredient batching station a central controller runs the recipe, logs the consumption of every raw material and passes the data to the plant’s higher-level system. More in the section Recipe-based feeding.

Why InterProcess

Why choose our solutions?

In-house manufacture

We design and build DSL G feeders in our own works.

Feeding trials

We will test your material on a real feeder before you buy.

Complete delivery

From design and material trials through to commissioning and service.

Experience across many industries

Food, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, plastics and power.

Safety and hygiene

Systems compliant with ATEX, HACCP, GMP and EHEDG.

Technical support and service

A fast response, 24/7 if required.

Need a gravimetric feeder?

Our engineers will select the feeder size and the feeding element to suit your material and your process. We offer feeding trials on a sample of your product.

Combined heat and power plant: loss-in-weight screw feeders in a sorbent feeding installation, with pneumatic take-away.
Combined heat and power plant: loss-in-weight screw feeders in a sorbent feeding installation, with pneumatic take-away. · 1/4
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Chemical works: gravimetric feeders on weighing frames, with service access from a process platform.
Chemical works: gravimetric feeders on weighing frames, with service access from a process platform. · 2/4
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Refinery: loss-in-weight feeders beneath silos in an outdoor installation.
Refinery: loss-in-weight feeders beneath silos in an outdoor installation. · 3/4
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Food production plant: hygienic screw feeders metering recipe ingredients into a mixer.
Food production plant: hygienic screw feeders metering recipe ingredients into a mixer. · 4/4
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